# localectl status
System Locale: LANG=ja_JP.utf8
VC Keymap: jp
X11 Layout: jp
タイムゾーン設定
タイムゾーン設定
タイムゾーンを設定するコマンドは以下の通りです。
分類
コマンド
確認
timedatectl set-timezone <タイムゾーン名>
# timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo
タイムゾーン設定確認
タイムゾーンを確認するコマンドは以下の通りです。
分類
コマンド
確認
timedatectl
# timedatectl
Local time: 日 2023-04-23 16:07:18 JST
Universal time: 日 2023-04-23 07:07:18 UTC
RTC time: 日 2023-04-23 07:07:17
Time zone: Asia/Tokyo (JST, +0900)
System clock synchronized: no
NTP service: active
RTC in local TZ: no
mount -o loop,ro -t iso9660 <isoのファイルパス> <isoファイルのマウント先> vi /etc/yum.repos.d/<リポジトリ名> yum repolist all
# mount -o loop,ro -t iso9660 /media/rhel-baseos-9.1-x86_64-dvd.iso /mnt/rhel_media
# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat9.1.repo
----------ここから----------
[BaseOS]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 - BaseOS
metadata_expire=-1
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
baseurl=file:///mnt/rhel_media/BaseOS/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[AppStream]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 - AppStream
metadata_expire=-1
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
baseurl=file:///mnt/rhel_media/AppStream/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
----------ここまで----------
# yum repolist all
repo id repo の名前 状態
AppStream Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 - AppStream 有効化
BaseOS Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 - BaseOS 有効化
# yum info zip
インストール済みパッケージ
名前 : zip
バージョン : 3.0
リリース : 33.el9
Arch : x86_64
サイズ : 634 k
ソース : zip-3.0-33.el9.src.rpm
リポジトリー : @System
repo から : InstallMedia2
概要 : A file compression and packaging utility compatible with PKZIP
URL : http://www.info-zip.org/Zip.html
ライセンス : BSD
説明 : The zip program is a compression and file packaging utility. Zip
: is analogous to a combination of the UNIX tar and compress
: commands and is compatible with PKZIP (a compression and file
: packaging utility for MS-DOS systems).
:
: Install the zip package if you need to compress files using the
: zip program.
# ip route show
default via 192.168.56.254 dev enp0s3 proto static metric 100
192.168.56.0/24 dev enp0s3 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.56.102 metric 100
192.168.57.0/24 dev enp0s8 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.57.102 metric 101
192.168.100.0/24 via 192.168.56.254 dev enp0s3 proto static metric 101
# pvdisplay
"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "<2.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name
PV Size <2.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID qkAp81-SbrG-5meS-XkUc-YOkY-ut5b-pYyig5
# pvscan
PV /dev/sdb1 lvm2 [<2.00 GiB]
Total: 1 [<2.00 GiB] / in use: 0 [0 ] / in no VG: 1 [<2.00 GiB]
# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb1 lvm2 --- <2.00g <2.00g
VG（ボリュームグループ）作成
VG（ボリュームグループ）作成するコマンドは以下の通りです。
分類
コマンド
設定
vgcreate <VG名> <デバイス名>
# vgcreate VG01 /dev/sdb1
Volume group "VG01" successfully created
VG（ボリュームグループ）設定確認
VG（ボリュームグループ）の設定を確認するコマンドは以下の通りです。
分類
コマンド
確認
vgdisplay vgscan vgs
# vgdisplay
Devices file sys_wwid t10.ATA_____VBOX_HARDDISK___________________________VBfe6722b5-cb934818_ PVID j45odoZaioytC2NY7IV29fnkGf8EkMAq last seen on /dev/sda2 not found.
--- Volume group ---
VG Name VG01
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <2.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 511
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 511 / <2.00 GiB
VG UUID BXvvsi-kvGg-ao7J-FzQy-PCb3-wUi3-mz7cxP
# vgscan
Found volume group "VG01" using metadata type lvm2
# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
VG01 1 0 0 wz--n- <2.00g <2.00g
# vi /etc/fstab
----------ここから----------
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sun Feb 19 13:28:42 2023
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
/dev/mapper/rhel-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=fcaf481d-ce08-4138-8804-c4994f66a470 /boot xfs defaul
ts 0 0
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap none swap defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/VG01-lv_data /data xfs defaults 0 0
----------ここまで----------
# systemctl daemon-reload
vi /etc/chrony.conf 追記→server <時刻同期先(IPアドレスorホスト名)> systemctl enable chronyd.service systemctl restart chronyd.service
# vi /etc/chrony.conf
----------ここから----------
# Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.
# Please consider joining the pool (https://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
#pool 2.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst
server ntp.nict.jp
# Use NTP servers from DHCP.
sourcedir /run/chrony-dhcp
# Record the rate at which the system clock gains/losses time.
driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift
# Allow the system clock to be stepped in the first three updates
# if its offset is larger than 1 second.
makestep 1.0 3
# Enable kernel synchronization of the real-time clock (RTC).
rtcsync
# Enable hardware timestamping on all interfaces that support it.
#hwtimestamp *
# Increase the minimum number of selectable sources required to adjust
# the system clock.
#minsources 2
# Allow NTP client access from local network.
#allow 192.168.0.0/16
# Serve time even if not synchronized to a time source.
#local stratum 10
# Require authentication (nts or key option) for all NTP sources.
#authselectmode require
# Specify file containing keys for NTP authentication.
keyfile /etc/chrony.keys
# Save NTS keys and cookies.
ntsdumpdir /var/lib/chrony
# Insert/delete leap seconds by slewing instead of stepping.
#leapsecmode slew
# Get TAI-UTC offset and leap seconds from the system tz database.
leapsectz right/UTC
# Specify directory for log files.
logdir /var/log/chrony
# Select which information is logged.
#log measurements statistics tracking
----------ここまで----------
# systemctl enable chronyd.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/chronyd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/chronyd.service.
# systemctl restart chronyd.service
vi /etc/profile 追記→export <環境変数名>=<パラメータ> source /etc/profile
# vi /etc/profile
----------ここから----------
# /etc/profile
# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc
# It's NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you
# are doing. It's much better to create a custom.sh shell script in
# /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this
# will prevent the need for merging in future updates.
pathmunge () {
case ":${PATH}:" in
*:"$1":*)
;;
*)
if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then
PATH=$PATH:$1
else
PATH=$1:$PATH
fi
esac
}
if [ -x /usr/bin/id ]; then
if [ -z "$EUID" ]; then
# ksh workaround
EUID=`/usr/bin/id -u`
UID=`/usr/bin/id -ru`
fi
USER="`/usr/bin/id -un`"
LOGNAME=$USER
MAIL="/var/spool/mail/$USER"
fi
# Path manipulation
if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then
pathmunge /usr/sbin
pathmunge /usr/local/sbin
else
pathmunge /usr/local/sbin after
pathmunge /usr/sbin after
fi
HOSTNAME=$(/usr/bin/hostnamectl --transient 2>/dev/null) || \
HOSTNAME=$(/usr/bin/hostname 2>/dev/null) || \
HOSTNAME=$(/usr/bin/uname -n)
HISTSIZE=1000
if [ "$HISTCONTROL" = "ignorespace" ] ; then
export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
else
export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
fi
export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL
for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh /etc/profile.d/sh.local ; do
if [ -r "$i" ]; then
if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then
. "$i"
else
. "$i" >/dev/null
fi
fi
done
unset i
unset -f pathmunge
if [ -n "${BASH_VERSION-}" ] ; then
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ] ; then
# Bash login shells run only /etc/profile
# Bash non-login shells run only /etc/bashrc
# Check for double sourcing is done in /etc/bashrc.
. /etc/bashrc
fi
fi
export MWPATH=/data
----------ここまで----------
# source /etc/profile
ユーザー別プロファイル設定
ユーザー別の環境変数を設定するコマンドは以下の通りです。
分類
コマンド
設定
vi ~/.bash_profile 追記→export <環境変数名>=<パラメータ> source ~/.bash_profile
# vi /home/testuser01/.bash_profile
----------ここから----------
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
export JOBPATH=/job
----------ここまで----------
# source /home/testuser01/.bash_profile
環境変数確認
環境変数を確認するコマンドは以下の通りです。
分類
コマンド
確認
echo $<環境変数>
# echo $MWPATH
/data
名前解決設定
hosts設定
IPアドレスとホスト名を紐づけるコマンドは以下の通りです。
分類
コマンド
設定
vi /etc/hosts 追記→<IPアドレス> <ホスト名1> <ホスト名2...> #コメント
# vi /etc/rsyslog.conf
----------ここから----------
# rsyslog configuration file
# For more information see /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-*/rsyslog_conf.html
# or latest version online at http://www.rsyslog.com/doc/rsyslog_conf.html
# If you experience problems, see http://www.rsyslog.com/doc/troubleshoot.html
#### GLOBAL DIRECTIVES ####
# Where to place auxiliary files
global(workDirectory="/var/lib/rsyslog")
# Use default timestamp format
module(load="builtin:omfile" Template="RSYSLOG_TraditionalFileFormat")
# Include all config files in /etc/rsyslog.d/
include(file="/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf" mode="optional")
#### MODULES ####
module(load="imuxsock" # provides support for local system logging (e.g. via logger command)
SysSock.Use="off") # Turn off message reception via local log socket;
# local messages are retrieved through imjournal now.
module(load="imjournal" # provides access to the systemd journal
StateFile="imjournal.state") # File to store the position in the journal
#module(load="imklog") # reads kernel messages (the same are read from journald)
#module(load="immark") # provides --MARK-- message capability
# Provides UDP syslog reception
# for parameters see http://www.rsyslog.com/doc/imudp.html
#module(load="imudp") # needs to be done just once
#input(type="imudp" port="514")
# Provides TCP syslog reception
# for parameters see http://www.rsyslog.com/doc/imtcp.html
#module(load="imtcp") # needs to be done just once
#input(type="imtcp" port="514")
#### RULES ####
# Log all kernel messages to the console.
# Logging much else clutters up the screen.
#kern.* /dev/console
# Log anything (except mail) of level info or higher.
# Don't log private authentication messages!
$template rsyslog_template,"%timegenerated% %HOSTNAME% %syslogfacility-text%.%syslogseverity-text%: %syslogtag%%msg:::drop-last-lf%\n"
*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none /var/log/messages;rsyslog_template
# The authpriv file has restricted access.
authpriv.* /var/log/secure
# Log all the mail messages in one place.
mail.* -/var/log/maillog
# Log cron stuff
cron.* /var/log/cron
# Everybody gets emergency messages
*.emerg :omusrmsg:*
# Save news errors of level crit and higher in a special file.
uucp,news.crit /var/log/spooler
# Save boot messages also to boot.log
local7.* /var/log/boot.log
# ### sample forwarding rule ###
#action(type="omfwd"
# # An on-disk queue is created for this action. If the remote host is
# # down, messages are spooled to disk and sent when it is up again.
#queue.filename="fwdRule1" # unique name prefix for spool files
#queue.maxdiskspace="1g" # 1gb space limit (use as much as possible)
#queue.saveonshutdown="on" # save messages to disk on shutdown
#queue.type="LinkedList" # run asynchronously
#action.resumeRetryCount="-1" # infinite retries if host is down
# # Remote Logging (we use TCP for reliable delivery)
# # remote_host is: name/ip, e.g. 192.168.0.1, port optional e.g. 10514
#Target="remote_host" Port="XXX" Protocol="tcp")
----------ここまで----------
# rsyslogd -N 1
rsyslogd: version 8.2102.0-105.el9, config validation run (level 1), master config /etc/rsyslog.conf
rsyslogd: End of config validation run. Bye.
# systemctl restart rsyslog.service
